TR 17. Nucleation, Formation, and Stability of Benzene Islands on Cu{111}, S. J. Stranick, M. M. Kamna, and P. S. Weiss, submitted to Nanotechnology. (ABSTRACT)

TR 18. Nanometer-Scale Phase Separation in Mixed Composition Self-Assembled Monolayers, S. J. Stranick, S. V. Atre, A. N. Parikh, M. C. Wood, D. L. Allara,* N. Winograd,* and P. S. Weiss, submitted to Nanotechnology. (ABSTRACT)

TR 25. Imaging Substrate-Mediated Interactions, M. M. Kamna, S. J. Stranick, and P. S. Weiss, Israel Journal of Chemistry 36 (1996), in press. (ABSTRACT)

TR 27. Imaging Substrate-Mediated Intermolecular Interactions, M. M. Kamna, S. J. Stranick, and P. S. Weiss, Science, in press. (ABSTRACT)

TR 28. The Effects of Steps and Substrate-Mediated Interactions on Langmuir-Hinshelwood Reaction Rates, E. N. Schulman and P. S. Weiss, submitted to Journal of the American Chemical Society. (ABSTRACT)

TR 21. Small Cavity Nonresonant Tunable Microwave-Frequency Alternating Current Scanning Tunneling Microscope, L. A. Bumm and P. S. Weiss, Review of Scientific Instruments 66, 4140 (1995). (ABSTRACT)

TR 22. Surface Characterization, G. E. McGuire,* M. L. Swanson, N. R. Parikh, S. Simko, P. S. Weiss, J. H. Ferris, R. J. Nemanich, D. R. Chopra, and A. R. Chourasia, Analytical Chemistry 67, 199R (1995). (ABSTRACT)

TR 23. Interactions and Dynamics of Benzene on Cu{111} at Low Temperature, S. J. Stranick, M. M. Kamna, and P. S. Weiss, Surface Science 338, 41 (1995). (ABSTRACT)

TR 24. Determining Activation Energies and Relaxation Times of Individual Electron Traps by Scanning Tunneling Microscopy, E. N. Schulman and R. C. White, Physical Review B 52, 7864 (1995). (ABSTRACT)

TR 26. Are Single Molecular Wires Conducting?, L. A. Bumm, J. J. Arnold, M. T. Cygan, T. D. Dunbar, T. P. Burgin, L. Jones II, D. L. Allara,* J. M. Tour,* and P. S. Weiss,* Science 271, 1705 (1996). (ABSTRACT) Collaborative work with the University of South Carolina and DARPA.

None.

TR 20. Linear and Nonlinear Spectroscopy with the Tunable AC Scanning Tunneling Microscope, S. J. Stranick, L. A. Bumm, M. M. Kamna, and P. S. Weiss, in Photons and Local Probes, O. Marti and R. Mueller, eds., NATO ASI Series E: Applied Sciences 300, 221 (Kluwer Academic, 1995). (ABSTRACT)

None.

None.

None.

Surface Analysis '95, "Understanding and Extending the Capabilities of the Scanning Tunneling Microscope," P. S. Weiss, University Park, PA, June 7, 1995.

Dynamics of Gas-Surface Collisions Gordon Research Conference, "Atomic-Scale Dynamics Measured Post-Mortem Examination," P. S. Weiss, Andover, NH, August 10, 1995.

Hewlett-Packard Laboratories, "Conventional and Alternating Current Scanning Tunneling Microscopy," Palo Alto, CA, August 16, 1995.

Workshop on the Tunneling Characteristics of Single Surface Atoms, "Tunneling Through Single Atoms and Molecules?" P. S. Weiss, Kanazawa, Japan, October 3, 1995.

Hitachi Advanced Research Laboratory, "Atomic-Scale Views of Interactions, Dynamics, and Chemistry of Molecules on Surfaces," P. S. Weiss, Hatoyama, Japan, October 6, 1995.

188th Meeting of the Electrochemical Society, "Atomic-Scale Interactions and Dynamics on Surfaces," P. S. Weiss, Chicago, IL, October 12, 1995.

Northwestern University, Department of Chemistry, "Interactions, Dynamics, and Chemistry of Molecules at Surfaces," P. S. Weiss, Evanston, IL, October 13, 1995.

42nd National Symposium of the American Vacuum Society, "Atomic-Scale Views of Adsorbate Motion and Interactions," P. S. Weiss, Minneapolis, MN, October 16, 1995.

Tufts University, Department of Chemistry, "Atomic-Scale Views of Interactions, Dynamics, and Chemistry on Surfaces," P. S. Weiss, Medford, MA, November 28, 1995.

47th Southeast/51st Southwest Joint Regional Meeting of the American Chemical Society, "Atomic-Scale Interactions and Dynamics on Surfaces," P. S. Weiss, Memphis, TN, December 1, 1995.

Surfaces: Characterization and Dynamics, "Atomic-Scale Views of Interactions, Dynamics, and Chemistry on Surfaces," P. S. Weiss, Rehovot, Israel, January 14, 1996.

Tel Aviv University, Department of Chemistry, "Understanding and Extending Scanning Tunneling Microscopy," P. S. Weiss, Tel Aviv, Israel, January 15, 1996.

Hebrew University, Department of Applied Physics, "Atomic-Scale Views of Interactions, Dynamics, and Chemistry on Surfaces," P. S. Weiss, Jerusalem, Israel, January 16, 1996.

Weizmann Institute of Science, Department of Chemistry, "Atomic-Scale Views of Surfaces: Understanding and Extending Scanning Tunneling Microscopy," P. S. Weiss, Rehovot, Israel, January 18, 1996.

1996 March Meeting of the American Physical Society, "Manipulation of Function and Properties of Organic Monolayers," L. A. Bumm, St. Louis, MO, March 18, 1996.

1996 March Meeting of the American Physical Society, "Molecular Views of Structure, Properties, and Dynamics of Mixed Composition Self-Assembled Monolayers," P. S. Weiss, St. Louis, MO, March 20, 1996.

211th Meeting of the American Chemical Society, "Imaging Substrate-Mediated Interactions," M. M. Kamna, S. J. Stranick, and P. S. Weiss, New Orleans, LA, March 24, 1996. Presented by M. M. Kamna.

211th Meeting of the American Chemical Society, "Atomic-Scale View of Motion and Interactions," P. S. Weiss, J. J. Arnold, L. A. Bumm, M. T. Cygan, S. J. Stranick, T. Dunbar, and D. L. Allara, New Orleans, LA, March 25, 1996.

211th Meeting of the American Chemical Society, "An Atomic-Scale View of Motion and Interactions on Surfaces," American Chemical Society Nobel Laureate Signature Award Address, S. J. Stranick, M. M. Kamna, A. N. Parikh, D. L. Allara, and P. S. Weiss, New Orleans, LA, March 26, 1996. Presented by S. J. Stranick

211th Meeting of the American Chemical Society, "Continuing Observations of Nanometer-Scale Surface Properties," P. S. Weiss, J. J. Arnold, L. A. Bumm, M. T. Cygan, S. J. Stranick, T. Dunbar, D. L. Allara, T. P. Burgin, L. Jones II, and J. M. Tour, American Chemical Society Nobel Laureate Signature Award Address, New Orleans, LA, March 26, 1996.

Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency Contractors' Meeting, "Are Single Molecular Wires Conducting?" P. S. Weiss, University Park, PA, April 24, 1996.

The Pennsylvania State University, Ore Deposits Research Section, "Scanning Tunneling Microscopy: More than Just Pretty Pictures?" L. A. Bumm, University Park, PA, April 25, 1996.

Exxon Research and Development Laboratories, Baton Rouge, LA, "Atomic-Scale Views of Interactions, Dynamics and Chemistry on Surfaces," P. S. Weiss, Baton Rouge, LA, May 17, 1996.

10th Anniversary Summer Research Opportunities Conference of the Committee on Institutional Cooperation and Alliance for Success, "Nanometer-Scale Properties of Monomolecular Organic Thin Films," L. F. Charles, J. J. Arnold, L. A. Bumm, T. D. Dunbar, D. L. Allara, and P. S. Weiss, Madison, WI, July 9, 1995. Presented by L. F. Charles.

STM'95, Eighth International Conference on Scanning Tunneling Microscopy/Spectroscopy and Related Techniques, "Microwave Frequency Alternating Current Scanning Tunneling Microscopy," L. A. Bumm, J. J. Arnold, and P. S. Weiss, Snowmass, CO, July 24, 1995. Poster presented by L. A. Bumm.

STM'95, Eighth International Conference on Scanning Tunneling Microscopy/Spectroscopy and Related Techniques, "Motion of Molecules on Surfaces," J. H. Ferris, J. G. Kushmerick, E. N. Schulman, and P. S. Weiss, Snowmass, CO, July 24, 1995. Poster presented by J. H. Ferris.

STM'95, Eighth International Conference on Scanning Tunneling Microscopy/Spectroscopy and Related Techniques, "Molecular Organization in Mixed Composition Self-Assembled Monolayers," M. T. Cygan, L. A. Bumm, J. J. Arnold, N. F. Shedlock, L. F. Charles, T. D. Dunbar, D. L. Allara, and P. S. Weiss, Snowmass, CO, July 25, 1995. Talk and poster presented by M. T. Cygan.

STM'95, Eighth International Conference on Scanning Tunneling Microscopy/Spectroscopy and Related Techniques, "Two-Dimensional Surface Interactions and Dynamics of Benzene on Cu{111}," M. M. Kamna, S. J. Stranick, and P. S. Weiss, Snowmass, CO, July 27, 1995. Presented by M. M. Kamna.

1995 CURO Symposium, "Nanometer-Scale Properties of Monomolecular Organic Thin Films," L. F. Charles, J. J. Arnold, L. A. Bumm, T. D. Dunbar, D. L. Allara, and P. S. Weiss, University Park, PA, August 2, 1995. Presented by L. F. Charles.

REU 1995 Mini-Symposium, "Nanometer-Scale Properties of Monomolecular Organic Thin Films," L. F. Charles, J. J. Arnold, L. A. Bumm, T. D. Dunbar, D. L. Allara, and P. S. Weiss, University Park, PA, August 9, 1995. Presented by L. F. Charles.

Fourth Foresight Conference on Molecular Nanotechnology, "Nanometer-Scale Features and Properties in Self-Assembled Systems" P. S. Weiss, J. J. Arnold, L. A. Bumm, L. F. Charles, M. T. Cygan, M. M. Kamna, N. F. Shedlock, S. J. Stranick, T. D. Dunbar, D. L. Allara, T. Burgin, L. Jones, and J. M. Tour, Palo Alto, CA, November 12, 1995.

1995 Fall Meeting of the Materials Research Society, "Are Single Molecular Wires Conducting?" J. J. Arnold, L. A. Bumm, M. T. Cygan, N. F. Shedlock, T. D. Dunbar, D. L. Allara, P. S. Weiss, T. Burgin, L. Jones, and J. M. Tour, Boston, MA, November 27, 1995. Presented by J. J. Arnold.

1995 Fall Meeting of the Materials Research Society, "Scanning Tunneling Microscopy of Mixed Composition Self-Assembled Monolayers Formed Through Successive and Simultaneous Deposition," M. T. Cygan, L. A. Bumm, J. J. Arnold, N. F. Shedlock, T. D. Dunbar, D. L. Allara, and P. S. Weiss, T. Burgin, L. Jones, and J. M. Tour, Boston, MA, November 29, 1995. Presented by M. T. Cygan.

Marilyn M. Kamna
American Chemical Society, Analytical Division Fellowship.

Stephan J. Stranick
American Chemical Society Nobel Laureate Signature Award for Graduate Education in Chemistry.

Paul S. Weiss
Promoted to Associate Professor and Tenured.
American Chemical Society Nobel Laureate Signature Award for Graduate Education in Chemistry. U. S. Observer to Chemical Research Applied to World Needs Committee of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Guildford, UK.
Named to Defense Science Studies Group.
Guest Editor for Special Issue of Israel Journal of Chemistry.
Guest Editor for Proceedings Issue of Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology B for STM'95.

National Science Foundation
Date: July 1, 1991 - June 30, 1996.
Title: Scanning Tunneling Microscopy.
Agency: National Science Foundation Presidential Young Investigator Award.
Amount: $312,500.

Date: June 1, 1993 - May 31, 1998.
Title: Molecular Surface Chemistry.
Agency: National Science Foundation.
Amount: $555,000.
Participation: D. L. Allara, B. J. Garrison, M. J. Natan, P. S. Weiss and N. Winograd are co-principal investigators.

Date: September 15, 1994 - October 31, 1997.
Title: Surface Chemistry and Spectroscopy: From Model to Real Systems.
Agency: National Science Foundation. Includes supplements.
Amount: $333,500.

Date: October 1, 1994 - June 30, 1996.
Title: Scanning Tunneling Microscopy and Spectroscopy of Biological Molecules and Membranes.
Agency: Biotechnology Research and Development Corporation.
Amount: $120,855

Date: October 1, 1994 - September 30, 1995.
Title: Advanced Computational and Experimental Approaches to Organic Thin Film Performance.
Agency: IBM.
Amount: Upgrade IBM SP1 to IBM SP2. List price: $422,800.
Participation: S. K. Kumar, D. L. Allara, and B. J. Garrison are co-principal investigators. T. P. Russell, P. S. Weiss, N. Winograd, and D. Y. Yoon are co-investigators.

Date: September 1, 1995 - August 31, 1997.
Title: Alfred P. Sloan Foundation Fellowship.
Agency: Alfred P. Sloan Foundation.
Amount: $30,000.

EOY Report - PART II

NB- This section was written on board an Air Force KC-135 Refueling Tanker!

• a. Principal Investigator
  Paul S. Weiss

• b. Current telephone number
  (814) 865-3693 voice
  (814) 863-8081 fax

• c. Cognizant ONR Program Officer
  Dr. John C. Pazik

• d. Program objective
  

  The objective of this program is to examine the electronic and physico-chemical properties, the stability, and the dynamics of nanometer-scale structures and of components that may be used in such structures. These structures and components may play key roles in evolving or even revolutionizing devices for communications, sensors, and detectors. Our understanding of these structures is developed using unique scanning tunneling microscopy instrumentation which gives us the ability to work at low temperatures, to manipulate surface structures, and to work at microwave frequencies. We collaborate with key developers of molecules and films such as Allara, Mirkin, Tour, and Whitesides to screen and to advance the properties of the components, structures, and films they create.

• e. Significant results during last year

  We have had significant impact and results in three areas.

  • First, we have shown how to measure the electronic properties along the length of single molecules. We have done this by using a metal substrate as one electrode, a self-assembled monolayer as a holding device for the molecule which is inserted at structural domain boundaries, and then a scanning tunneling microscope as the second electrode. This enables us to assess whether (specific) single molecules can function as molecular electronic components.
  • Second, we have shown means to control the nanometer-scale structures of organic films by processing. This includes the ability to control defect densities which can be used for subsequent modification. We are able to graft films of one molecule onto another laterally across monomolecular films.
  • Third, we have further shown how adsorbed molecules affect their surroundings via electronic interactions and how we can use this to manipulate film structures.

• f. Brief summary of plans for next year's work

  We will examine a variety of potential molecular electronic components such as other molecular wire candidates, switches, rectifiers, etc. We will continue to examine the criteria for chemical and physical stability in self-assembled structures. We will look at novel deposition and processing strategies for enhancing the creation, definition, control, and stability of nanometer-scale structures.

• g. List of names of graduate students and post-doctoral(s) currently working on the project

  Marilyn M. Kamna
  Dr. Lloyd A. Bumm
  

EOY Report - PART III

• a. An introductory 5 - Part Viewgraph
  Self-assembled films can be controlled in terms of their structure, their defect density, and their chemical composition. We can use defects to insert single molecules or bundles of molecules for study. We can draw sharp chemical divisions on the surface for subsequent processing such as to eliminate, reduce, or enhance lithography. The domain edges can be sharp so as to ensure precise patterning.
  We have used these types of structures to investigate the conductivity of single molecules. These conductivities can can be measured by using a metal substrate as one electrode, a self-assembled monolayer as a holding device for the molecule which is inserted at structural domain boundaries, and then a scanning tunneling microscope as the second electrode.

  The following figures show two examples of the control of film structure recorded with molecular resolution.

• b. Supporting viewgraph #1
  A fully conjugated molecule is inserted into a monolayer of CH₃(CH₂)₁₁SH.
• c. Supporting viewgraph #2
  Lateral expitaxy is demostrated. That is, one chemical component (CH₃(CH₂)₉SH) is grafted onto an original component (CH₃(CH₂)₁₁SH). This is done by first depositing CH₃(CH₂)₁₁SH, then annealing to 78^oC in neat solvent. This makes large domains of the CH₃(CH₂)₁₁SH as well as depleted regions of the film. These depleted regions are covered by placing the substrate into a solution of CH₃(CH₂)₉SH. As the two molecules form precisely the same surface structures, there is no lattice and the CH₃(CH₂)₉SH domains can be grafted onto the already formed CH₃(CH₂)₁₁SH domains.

• a. Number of papers submitted to refereed journals, but not published: 5
  
• b. + Number of papers published in refereed journals: 5
  
• c. + Number of books or chapters submitted, but not yet published: 0
  
• d. + Number of books or chapters published: 1
  
• e. + Number of printed technical reports/non-refereed papers: 0
  
• f. Number of patents filed: 0
  
• g. + Number of patents granted: 0
  
• h. + Number of invited presentations: 23
  
• i. + Number of submitted presentations: 10
  
• j. + Honors/Awards/Prizes for contract/grant employees: 8
  
• k. Total number of Full-time equivalent Graduate Students and Post-Doctoral associates supported during this period, under this R&T project number: 2.75
  
  • Graduate Students: 1.75
  • Post-Doctoral Associates: 1
  • including the number of,
    • Female Graduate Students: 1
    • Female Post-Doctoral Associates: 0.5
    • Minority* Graduate Students: 0
    • Minority* Post-Doctoral Associates: 0
    • Asian Graduate Students: 0
    • Asian Post-Doctoral Associates: 0
      

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